Study Report
Study Information
Basic Info
| Reference |
Xie, P.,2009 PMID: 19884608
|
| Citation |
Xie, P., et al. (2009). "Interactive effect of stressful life events and the serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype on posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis in 2 independent populations." Arch Gen Psychiatry 66(11): 1201-1209. |
| Phenotype |
Lifetime PTSD |
| Trauma |
Various |
| Study Design |
Cross-sectional study |
| Study Type |
Candidate gene association study, Gene-environment interaction study |
| Sample Size |
582 European Americans and 670 African Americans |
| SNP/Marker Size |
1 Variant |
| Predominant Ethnicity |
Caucasian, Black |
| Population |
African American, European American |
| Gender |
52% male |
| Age |
Mean age=38.9 years, SD=11.0 (ranging from 17 to 79 years). |
Detail Info
| Sample Diagnosis |
SSADDA, DSM-IV |
| Related Diagnostic Tools |
Sample collection and diagnostic interviews were performed by trained interviewers. the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA). |
| Sample Status |
In the SSADDA PTSD section, 12 separate types of traumatic events are assessed. Participants were asked to list up to 3 traumatic events and their age when these events happened. Those reporting traumatic experiences were then interviewed for potential PTSD symptoms. After all of the data were scored, a PTSD diagnosis was generated based on DSM-IV criteria requiring symptoms from each of 3 clusters, reexperiencing, avoidance, and increased arousal, that occur following the events. |
| Controls Exposed |
Not mentioned. |
| Replication Size |
None |
| Result Summary |
RESULTS: Childhood adversity and adult traumatic events both predicted PTSD. Although the 5-HTTLPR genotype alone did not predict the onset of PTSD, it interacted with adult traumatic events and childhood adversity to increase the risk for PTSD, especially for those with high rates of both types of trauma exposure (European American: odds ratio [OR], 2.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50-5.45; P-value=.002; African American: OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.04-3.40; P-value= .04; pooled: OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.50-3.56; P-value< .001). CONCLUSIONS: Participants who had both childhood adversity and adult traumatic events were more likely to develop lifetime PTSD compared with those who experienced either type of adverse event. The risk was increased in individuals with 1 or 2 copies of the S' (S) allele compared with the L' (L) homozygotes. Our study provides additional direct evidence that PTSD is influenced by the interactive effect of environmental and genetic factors. |
| Potential Biomarker |
None |
Genetic result reported by this study
Normal genetic result reported by this study (count: 1)
| Marker |
Phenotype |
Related Gene |
Statistical Values |
Author Comments |
Marker's Category |
|
5-HTTLPR
|
Lifetime PTSD |
SLC6A4 |
Logistic GEE regression analysis(after adjusting for age, sex, childhood adversity, and adult traumatic events): European American: OR=1.24; 95% CI=0.91-1.69; P-value=0.17; African American: OR=1.22; 95% CI=0.91-1.63; P-value=0.18. In the combined sample(ancestry proportion score was entered as a covariate): OR=1.22; 95% CI=0.99-1.51; P-value=0.07. |
After adjusting for age, sex, childhood adversity, and adult......
After adjusting for age, sex, childhood adversity, and adult traumatic events, logistic GEE regression analysis showed no significant association between 5-HTTLPR genotype and PTSD diagnosis in either European American or African American individuals.The association in the combined sample, in which ancestry proportion score was entered as a covariate, was not statistically significant. The use of diallelic genotypes, which include only the L and S alleles of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, in the logistic regression analysis also showed that 5-HTTLPR genotypes were not associated with PTSD. In addition, none of the psychiatric disorders that were found to be comorbid with PTSD were associated with 5-HTTLPR genotypes.
More...
|
Non-significant |
Gene * Environment result reported by this study (count: 1)
| Marker |
Phenotype |
Related Gene |
Environment |
Statistical Values |
Author Comments |
Marker's Category |
|
5-HTTLPR
|
Lifetime PTSD |
SLC6A4 |
Childhood adversity, adult traumatic events |
2-way interactions, genotype x adult traumatic events interaction, European American: OR=2.60; 95% CI=1.19-5.66; P-value=0.02; African American: OR=2.06; 95% CI=1.02-4.14; P-value=0.04; the combination of the 2 populations:OR=1.93; 95% CI=1.17-3.17; P-value=0.01. genotype x childhood adversity interaction: European American: OR=3.29; 95% CI=1.17-9.22; P-value=0.02; African American: OR=1.71; 95% CI=0.81-3.61; P-value=0.16, the combination of the 2 populations: OR=1.81; 95% CI=1.01-3.24; P-value=0.046. The genotype x dual stressful events interaction:European American: OR=2.86; 95% CI=1.50-5.45; P-value=.002; African American: OR=1.88; 95% CI=1.04-3.40; P-value=0.04, the combination of the 2 populations:OR=2.31; 95% CI=1.50-3.56; P-value<.001. |
5-HTTLPR genotypes interacted with childhood adversity and a......
5-HTTLPR genotypes interacted with childhood adversity and adult traumatic events to increase risk for developing PTSD.
More...
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Significant |
